Effects of botanical gardens on student environmental perception

Hasan YILMAZ

This paper examines the role of the classroom environment in promoting student well-being and, more specif-ically, a sense of responsibility towards nature in the city. The study analyzed how indoor vs outdoor educational environments affect students' perception of events and phenomena focusing on emotional, behavioral and cognitive processes. It was conducted in the Kayakyolu Secondary School, Erzurum, Turkey with 282 students ranging in age from 11 to 14 in grades 5-8. They participated in reading a story in two distinct environments: an enclosed indoor classroom and an outdoor botanical gar ...More

A new binary genetic programming approach to designing public transportation systems according to transit-oriented development criteria

Hasan YILMAZ

This study introduces a new evolutionary approach called Binary Genetic Programming (BGP) to design and assess public transportation systems from a sustainable development perspective. The BGP combines evolutionary system identi cation techniques with k-fold cross-validation to obtain an accurate model between the land use and transportation parameters from a sustainable urban development point of view. To assess the new model, two public transportation systems including the new tram line of Antalya (Turkey) and the bus rapid transit line of Bhopal (India) were considered. The model was employ ...More

Chyngyz Aitmatov as an Actor in Cultural Diplomacy of the Turkic World

Uğur ÜNAL | Tolkun Bekturgan Kızı

Chyngyz Aitmatov is a world-renowned Kyrgyz writer whose literary works have been translated into 186 languages, as well as a politician and diplomat. Chyngyz Aitmatov not only gained worldwide recognition for his literary works, but also carried out a diplomatic mission. He started his cultural diplomatic career as soon as he wrote his first literary work and spread it to the public. He emphasized the prominent themes of his works and promoted the ideology of peace, harmony, and unity. Each of his translations, the awards he received in other countries, the honors attributed to him were impor ...More

Kırgız Toplumunda Bir Kurum Olarak Aksakallar = Aksakal as an Institution in Kyrgyz Society

Ertan ÖZENSEL

Tarih boyunca Orta Asya Türk toplumlarında, resmi olmayan “aksakal” kurumu sürekli olarak varlığını sürdürmüştür. Kırgızistan’da, ortak geçmiş deneyimine sahip, belirli bir yaş sınırında olan bir grup erkek aksakal olur ve söz konusu topluluk aksakal kurumunu temsil ederler. Aksakal olmada sadece yaş belirleyici unsur değildir; hayat tecrübesi esas alınarak, halk tarafından seçimle belirlenir aksakallar. Aksakal, değerler, gelenekler konusunda bilgili, akıllı, ihtiyatlı, tarafsız, adil ve dürüst adamdır. Aksakal, sadece toplumsal sorunları çözmede bir uzlaştırıcı olarak değil, aynı zamanda yön ...More

Ecological aspects in the use of soil enzymes as indicators of anthropogenic soil pollution

Nurzat TOTUBAYEVA

In the contemporary era, with rapid industrial growth and urbanisation, analysing the impact of human activities on soil enzyme activity becomes crucial. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of anthropogenic pollution on enzyme activity in soil. Research on enzyme activity levels in the soil in the city of Kara-Balta, Chuy Region, Kyrgyz Republic, was conducted using biochemical analyses and specific enzymatic tests. The results revealed significant diversity in catalase activity in different soil samples. Some samples exhibited high activity, while others showed low activity. ...More

Digital entrepreneurship in tourism

Mustafa Murat KIZANLIKLI | Narıngül MARGAZİYEVA

Кыргызстан: Социальное формирование школьников в условиях многоязычия

Nurbübü ASİPOVA

Статья посвящена педагогическим аспектам социального формирования личности в условиях двуязычия и многоязычия, развитию и утверждению двуязычия как средства межнационального общения и обучения школьников, проблемам межкультурной коммуникации и поликультурного воспитания в условиях многонациональных республик.

The Perception of Turkish World Union = “Türk Dünyası Birliği” Algısı

Akmatali ALİMBEKOV

Bu araştırmanın amacı, bağımsız Türk devletleri, azınlık olarak yaşayan Türk toplumları ve özerk olarak yaşayan Türk toplumlarında yaşayan Türklerin, Türk Dünyası ve Türk Dünyası Birliğine ilişkin algıları ortaya koyabilmektir. Bu amaçla araştırma, betimsel tara­ma modeli ile desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden olan ölçüt örnekleme ve kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi yöntemiyle seçilen 415 akad­emisyenden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların Türk Dünyasına ilişkin algılarını ölçmek için veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen açık v ...More

How Did the State and Kinship Create Soviet Economy? (Case of Kyrgyzstan) = Devlet ile Akrabalık İlişkiler Ağı Sovyet Ekonomisini Nasıl Kurdu? Kırgızistan Örneği

Baktıbek İSAKOV

The Soviet Union was established in about 1920, but due to large-scale processes such as collectivization, World War II, and their negative consequences, the transitional period that followed the establishment was extended to the late 1950s. Rapid Soviet modernization through the liquidation of local traditions was in many places just a show. This essay focusing on local practices argues that the Soviet economy in rural Kyrgyz Republic was created through the interaction between the state and local kinship relations. Moreover, where the Soviet class system was weak in rural areas in particular ...More

To Click or Not To Click? Kyrgyz Consumers

Azamat MAKSUDUNOV

Social media attracts a wide range of users and in this way creates great opportunities for businesses and in this way attract the academic researchers from all over the world. According to recently published research, the majority of the articles on this subject concentrated in the last 5 years and main of them addressed to developed countries. Limited numbers of studies have published from emerging markets especially from the former Soviet Union countries. This study aims to examine social media usage in Post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan. Data was collected by using structured questionnaire, which base ...More

Kyrgyz People in the Russian Historiography (The Second half of the 18th and the Beginning of the 20th Centuries) = Rus Tarih Yazıcılığında Kızgızlar (18. Yüzyılın İkinci Yarısı - 20. Yüzyılın Başı)

Ceenbek ALIMBAYEV

Bu makalede 18. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında ve 20. yüzyılın başlarında Rus tarih yazıcılığında geçen Kırgızların tarihi ile ilgili eserler analiz edilmektedir. Kırgızlar ile ilgili problemleri ele alan müellifleri, çalışmalarına göre şarkiyatçı-araştırmacı, askerî araştırmacı, Rus seyyahları ve idarî bürokratlar şeklinde dört gruba ayırmak mümkündür. Rus tarih yazıcılığında Kırgızların tarihi birçok alanda ele alınmış ve açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Kırgızlar ile ilgili problemleri aksettiren gazete ve dergilere, özellikle “Turkestanskiye Vedomosti” gazetesinin ve “Turkestanskiy Sbornik” adlı derg ...More

Heteroscedastic probit model: An application of home ownership in Turkey

Ebru ÇAĞLAYAN AKAY

This study examines the factors affecting the possibility of owning a house in Turkey using probit models. Moreover, it focuses on the heteroscedasticity problem that is ignored in most of the probit applications. The results obtained from the study indicate that besides the demographic characteristics of the head of the household, education, employment, and income are also influential factors in regard to home ownership. Besides these things, evidence indicates that the choice to live in either rural or urban areas has a significant impact on home ownership.