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A numerical solution of the system of linear Volterra–Stieltjes integral equations of the second kind has been found and analyzed using the so-called generalized trapezoid rule. Conditions for estimating the error have also been determined and justified. A solution of an example obtained using the proposed method is given.
The problem of integrability of ordinary differential equations to find their exact solutions is a celebrated problem in the theory of differential equations which attracted attention of several workers in the area. This is due to the fact that: (a) differential equations are the most widely used continuous models of dynamic systems in physics, medicine, economics, biology and other sciences that study the surrounding reality, for which the explicit trajectory of the dynamic system's behavior is important as the explicit solution contains in itself the maximum information about the behavior of ...Более
In this paper, we define a subclass of analytic functions by denote (Formula Presented) satisfying the following subordinate condition (Formula Presented) where (Formula Presented). We give coefficient estimates and Fekete-Szegö inequality for functions belonging to this subclass.
It is becoming necessary to examine learners’ use of and experiences with virtual laboratories. Learners’ interest and motivation to use virtual laboratories are important factors for the success of these platforms. This study was conducted to analyze Kyrgyz learners’ use of virtual laboratories in a physics course at the university level. The study was performed in the 2019–2020 spring term at a state university in Kyrgyzstan. The study took a quantitative approach, with 376 Kyrgyz learner participants studying at the undergraduate level. The participants were divided into three groups: the f ...Более
In the paper, the solvability of the nonlinear boundary optimization problem has been investigated for the oscillation processes, described by the integro-differential equation in partial derivatives with Fredholm integral operator. It has been established that the components of the boundary vector control are defined as a solution to a system of nonlinear integral equations of a specific form, and the equations of this system have the property of equal relations. An algorithm for constructing a solution to the problem of nonlinear optimization has been developed.
Keywords: general solution; n ...Более
Устанавливаются достаточные условия, обеспечивающие оценку, ограниченность, степенную абсолютную интегрируемость на полуоси, стремление к нулю при стремлении к бесконечности независимой переменной всех решений линейного вольтеррова интегродифференциального уравнения первого порядка с запаздыванием. Для этого строится обобщенный функционал Ляпунова. Приводится иллюстративный пример.
Keywords: volterra integrodifferential equation of the first order; argument lag; estimation; boundedness; absolute integrability; tending to zero of solutions; generalized method of lyapunov functionals
В рассматриваемой работе выбран параметр регуляризации для решения линейного интегрального уравнения Вольтерра первого рода. Во многих работах были исследованы различные вопросы для интегральных уравнений. Даже когда уравнение первого типа Вольтерры является интегральным уравнением с точным выходом, неклассические уравнения, интегрируемые по предел, являются линейными, и нелинейные интегральные уравнения являются линейными, и это обусловлено необходимостью разработки новых методов для единственности их решений. Но в данной работе получены основополагающие результаты для интегральных уравнений ...Более
Let (M, J, g) be a metallic pseudo-Riemannian manifold equipped with a metallic structure J and a pseudo-Riemannian metric g. The paper deals with interactions of Codazzi couplings formed by conjugate connections and tensor structures. The presence of Tachibana operator and Codazzi couplings presents a new characterization for locally metallic pseudo-Riemannian manifold. Also, a necessary and sufficient condition under which a non-integrable metallic pseudo-Riemannian manifold is a quasi metallic pseudo-Riemannian manifold is derived. Finally, it is introduced metallic-like pseudo-Riemannian m ...Более
Sufficient conditions are established to ensure the estimation, boundedness, power-law absolute integrability on the semiaxis, the tendency to zero under the tendency to infinity of the independent variable of all solutions of the linear Volterra integrodifferential equation of the first order with delay. For this purpose, a generalized Lyapunov functional is constructed. An illustrative example is presented.
Keyword: absolute integrability; argument lag; boundedness; estimation; generalized method of Lyapunov functionals; tending to zero of solutions; Volterra integrodifferential equation of ...Более
Inequalities are frequently used in various fields of mathematics to prove theorems. The existence of inequalities contributes significantly to the foundations of such branches. In this paper, we study the properties of order relations in the system of dual numbers, which is inspired by order relations defined on real numbers. Besides, some special inequalities that are used in various fields of mathematics, such as Cauchy-Schwarz, Minkowski, and Chebyshev are studied in this framework. An example is also provided to validate our research findings.
Keywords: dual numbers; dual absolute value; ...Более
A numerical solution of the system of linear Volterra-Stieltjes integral equations of the second kind has been found and analyzed using the so-called generalized trapezoid rule. Conditions for estimating the error have also been determined and justified. A solution of an example obtained using the proposed method is given.
Keyword: System of linear Volterra-Stieltjes integral equations, second kind, generalized trapezoid rule, numerical solution
Let L4 be a 4-dimensional Lorentzian space with the sign (−,,,). The aim of this study is to investigate the other missing algebraic forms of the constraint manifolds of 2C and 3C spatial open chains in L4. For this purpose, firstly, we obtain the structure equations of a spatial open chain using the equations of open chains of the Lorentz plane and Lorentz sphere. After then, using these structure equations, we search the algebraic forms of the constraint manifolds of 2C and 3C spatial open chains in Lorentzian 3-space with respect to the causal characters of the first link and the axis of ro ...Более