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Graphene oxide (GO) was covalently attached to glassy carbon (GC) electrode (GC–O–GO) for fabricating nanosensors to determine trace Pb2+ and Cd2+ using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). Surface characterization of the nanofilm-covered electrode was performed via electrochemical cyclic voltammetry (CV), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. Surface pKa of the GO covalent attached GC (GC–O–GO) was calculated via CV. Under optimal conditions, a linear response was found for Pb2+ and Cd2 ...Более
Highly sensitive 3,8-diaminobenzo[c]cinnoline (3,8-DABCC) modified graphene oxide (GO) electrode was prepared, and it was denoted as pGO-DABCC. The electrode material was characterized with infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). pGO-DABCC on glassy carbon (GC/pGO-DABCC) electrode was investigated for simultaneous determination of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in aqueous media by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). Optimum conditions of the electrode were determined with some parameters ...Более
An electrochemical biosensor was developed for the determination of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in water. For this purpose, silver-gold core-shell (Ag@Au) bioconjugates and anti-E. coli modified PS-microwells were designed in a sandwich-type format in order to obtain higher sensitivity and selectivity. Ag@Au bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized by co-reduction method. The core-shell formation was analyzed by using UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Biotin labeled anti-E. coli antibodies were coupled with Ag@Au nanoparticles to form bioconjugates. The electrochemical ...Более
The gradual Cl replacement reactions of NN (1–3) or NO spirocyclic monoferrocenyl cyclotriphosphazenes (4 and 5) with the potassium salt of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (potassium vanillinate) resulted in the mono (1a–5a), geminal (gem-1b–5b), non-geminal (cis-5b and trans -1b–4b), tri (1c, 3c–5c) and tetra-vanillinato-substituted phosphazenes (1d–5d). All the phosphazene derivatives have stereogenic P-center(s), except tetra-substituted ones. The vanillinatophosphazenes have reversible voltammograms with one-electron anodic and cathodic peaks which are attributed to ferrocenyl redox probe. ...Более
The influence of redox mediators (tetrathiafulvalene (TTF), tetrathiafulvalene-tetracyanoquinodimethane complex (TTF-TCNQ), phenazine methosulfate (PMS), 5,6-diamino-1,10-phenonthroline (5,6-DAP), potassium ferrocyanide (K4[Fe(CN)6]), methylene blue (MB) and toluidine blue (TB)) on the response of amperometric glucose biosensor was investigated in this research. Graphite rod electrode (GRE) modified by adsorbed mediator and glucose oxidase (GOx) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde was served as working electrode. The highest amperometric signals were observed by using TTF and TTF-TCNQ as mediator ...Более
A new electrode was prepared by the electrooxidation of orto-, meta-, and para-substituted nitro phenols on glassy carbon electrode. Electrochemical modification of the electrodes was carried out in 0.01 M HCl using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Then nitro groups in the covalently grafted nitro phenol derivatives on GC electrode were reduced to amine groups in 0.01 M HCl. The electrochemical behavior of the modified electrodes was studied in the presence of electroactive redox probes such as ferrocene and ferricyanide by CV and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). X-ray photoelectron spect ...Более
The voltammetric behavior of sildenafil citrate (SC) was studied through differential pulse stripping voltammetry. The best sensitivity, optimal experimental conditions and settings for the voltammetric method development were obtained by applying experimental design and optimization methodology to the designed sample runs at different accumulation times, accumulation potentials and pHs. The linearity over the concentration range 1 × 10–7 M–8 × 10–6 M for SC was determined and the limit of detection (LOD) was 3.1 × 10–8 M. For the method ability and validity, mean recovery result and relative ...Более
In this study, 4-thiophenol modified glassy carbon electrode was prepared by the reduction of 4-diazothiophenol tetrafluoroborate salt. Silver nanoparticles were attached to the thiophenol modified surface to prepare a thiophenol-silver nanoparticle composite film. 4-Aminothiopenol molecules were deposited by self-assembling technique to form multi-layered nanofilms of TP/SNP/PhNH2 on glassy carbon substrate. These surfaces were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, reflectance-absorption infrared spectroscopy, and ellips ...Более
Sulfisoxazole (SO) was grafted to glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via the electrochemical oxidation of SO in acetonitrile solution containing 0.1 M tetrabutylammoniumtetra-fluoroborate (TBATFB). The prepared electrode was characterized by using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), reflection–absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The ellipsometric thickness of SO nanofilm at the glassy carbon surface was obtained as 14.48 ± 0.11 nm. The stability of the SO modified GCE was studied. The SO modified GCE was also utiliz ...Более
In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with the diameters of maximum 25 nm were self-assembled onto the surfaces of p-aminothiophenol functionalized graphene oxide (ATPGO) sheets simply by mixing their aqueous dispersions. The prepared graphene oxide (GO), ATPGO and AuNPs–ATPGO composites were characterized by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), reflection–absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS), the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method and Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical determination of quercetin (QR) has been studied using square wave volt ...Более
2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) was covalently bonded to glassy carbon substrate by cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. 2, 4-diaminophenol film (DAPO) was acquired with electrochemical reduction of 2,4-dinitrophenol film (DNPO). Prepared films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and germanium attenuated total reflection infrared (GATR-FT-IR) spectroscopy. A hemispherical germanium ATR element used with p-polarized light at 65° incidence angle yielded high signal/noise IR spectra for monolayer coverage of molecules on glassy carbon substrate. Layer thickness of films was measure ...Более
Graphene oxide (GO) based glassy carbon (GC) electrode has been prepared. Firstly, p-nitrophenyl (NP) modified GC (NP/GC) electrode was prepared via the electrochemical reduction of its tetraflouroborate diazonium salt. After the formation of NP/GC electrode, the negative potential was applied to NP/GC electrode to reduce the nitro groups to amine. p-Aminophenyl (AP) modified GC (AP/GC) electrode was immersed into a graphene oxide solution containing 1-ethyl-3(3-(dimethlyamino)propyl)-carbodiimide. Hence, we constructed GO terminated AP modified GC (GO/AP/GC) electrode. NP/GC, AP/GC and GO/AP/ ...Более