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In this study, morphological and molecular characterizations of twenty-four Heterodera populations (cereal cyst nematodes, CCNs) collected from wheat production fields in Turkey were carried out. Light microscopy, species-specific markers, RFLP, and ITS sequencing were used to identify the nematode populations. The obtained CCN populations were identified as Heterodera avenae, H. filipjevi, and H. latipons according to the morphometric analysis, which was confirmed by the molecular techniques. The ITS region sequencing analysis confirmed the species identification, and phylogenetic analysis of ...Более
Fire blight, caused by the bacterial pathogen Erwinia amylovora, is a severe bacterial disease of apple and pear that can quickly destroy whole plants. In the last decade, it was also detected in Central Asia, where wild pomaceous fruit plants represent the dominant species in mid-altitude forests and constitute a critical foundation for the entire ecosystem. Efficiently informing farmers, forestry services and private persons about the instances and dangers of fire blight, the correct way to recognize the symptoms, and the methods of disease control is thus of paramount importance in a vast a ...Более
During the period of June to October in 2018, a widespread decline was observed on kiwifruit vines in the vineyards located in the Altinordu, Fatsa, and Persembe districts of Ordu province in Turkey. The symptoms were associated with reddish-brown rots expanding from the root to the collar with sparse off-color foliage. Based on the percentage of the total infected samples across 18 vineyards, the most common oomycete species were Globisporangium intermedium (37.1), Phytopythium vexans (34.3), Globisporangium sylvaticum (14.3), Globisporangium heterothallicum (11.4), and Pythium dissotocum (2. ...Более
Background Entomopathogenic fungi are a potential biological control agent for many pests. In this study, 14 native Beauveria bassiana isolates were molecularly identified and assessed for their virulence and mortality against adults of the polyphagous planthopper Orosanga japonica, Melichar (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae) a polyphagous sap-feeding insect, under laboratory conditions. Results Isolates obtained from naturally infected adults O. japonica were molecularly identified as B. bassiana by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer and 26S large subunit of ribosomal DNA. In the bioassay, the r ...Более
Simple Summary Turkey is the world's largest producer and exporter of hazelnut. Ambrosia beetle species are the most common species of pests for hazelnut in the orchards of Turkey. These beetles cause enormous economic losses by draining hazelnut branches and trees. The techniques for managing ambrosia beetles are limited. The more effective and eco-friendly alternative control methods, including the use of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), should be included in integrated pest management programs to suppress ambrosia beetle populations. The objectives of the current study were (i) to isolate EPF ...Более
Since its initial detection in Turkey in 2009, the invasive destructive pest South American tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) has started its new invasion journey to east and invaded most Asian countries. This pest currently causes extensive damage to tomato production and potentially threatens key production areas such as China. To provide an overview of current status of T. absoluta in Asia, we have briefly reviewed the damage and economic impacts by this pest locally and discussed why this species has spread so rapidly among the countries. Moreover, ongoing i ...Более
Fire Blight, an economically relevant disease of apple, pear, and quince trees that is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Erwinia amylovora, was first reported from Kyrgyzstan in 2008. One decade later, the disease has spread across the northern part of the country, affecting fruit orchards mainly in Chuy and Issyk-kul regions. Using semi-selective cultural media, bacteria have been isolated from plant material sampled in infested orchards from different locations in Kyrgyzstan, and 16S rRNA gene sequence determination together with diagnostic PCR have been used to identify E. amylovora bac ...Более
Among the major pests of vegetables are Root-Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) (RKNs), which cause loss of production due to galling and reduction in root development and shoot growth. Herein, the efficacy of plant extracts of Capsicum frutescens, Hyoscyamus niger, Melia azedarach, Xanthium strumarium and Achillea wilhelmsii were evaluated at 3 concentrations (3, 6, and 12%) against Meloidogyne javanica on pepper and eggplant. Experiments were carried in pots under greenhouse condition, using pepper cv. Charleston and eggplant cv. Kemer as assay plants that are commonly cultivated in Turkey. A ...Более
This study was conducted in Meram district of Konya province (Turkey) in 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the efficacy of mating disruption against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta in an open-field tomato growing area. Three pheromone-treated fields and three control fields were used to evaluate the effectiveness of mating disruption in both years. In pheromone-treated fields, mating disruption pheromone was applied once at a rate of 2500 g/ha with a caulking gun. In control fields, only pheromone traps were hung for monitoring and comparing the pest population. Male captures in monitoring pheromo ...Более
Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight, was first reported in Kyrgyz orchards in 2008 and, within a few years, the disease has spread throughout most of the northern part of the country. As fire blight expanded and penetrated new areas, it also reached the unique ecosystem constituted by the Arslonbob wild walnut-fruit forests in South Kyrgyzstan. Here, we present the results of field surveys in the forests and in the nearby orchards and gardens of the Jalal-Abad region during the 2019 season. Further, we use genetic profiling of the CRISPR regions to compare the genotypes of the o ...Более
A total of 132 Rhizoctonia isolates were recovered from red cabbage plants with root rot and wirestem symptoms in the province of Samsun (Turkey) between 2018 and 2019. Based on the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region located between the 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA genes and including nuclear staining, these 124 isolates were assigned to multinucleate Rhizoctonia solani, and eight were binucleate Rhizoctonia. The most prevalent anastomosis group (AG) was AG 4 (84? which was subdivided into AG 4 HG-I (81?and AG 4 HG-III (3? followed by AG 5 (10?and AG-A (6? respectiv ...Более
A total of 30 Rhizoctonia isolates were collected from plants with Rhizoctonia-like symptoms in kale growing areas in Ordu province during the 2014-2015 growing seasons. All the isolates were identified using nuclear staining tecnique and the nucleotide sequence analysis of the nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1-5.8S-ITS2 region. The most prevalent anastomosis group (AG) was AG 2-1 (36.67?f isolates), followed by AG-A (30? AG 4 HG-I (10? AG 5 (6.67? AG-Fb (6.67? AG-E (6.67?and AG-K (3.33? Cultural characteristics showed that randomly selected RsCB-13 (AG 2-1), RsCB-20 (AG 4 HG-I), ...Более