Some hematological and biochemical reference values of the thoroughbred Appaloosa horse breeds reared in Kyrgyzstan

The aim of this study was to determine the normal hematological and biochemical parameters of the Thoroughbred Appaloosa horse breeds which reared in Tong and Issık-Kul regions of Kyrgyzstan. Fifty-six (n  56) healthy horse breeds in different ages (0–12 months and 1–5 years) and gender (n  29 male and n  27 female) were clinically examined and blood samples were taken. Red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, the count (#); the percentage () of the lymphocytes (lymph), monocytes (mid), granulocytes (gran); and the values of hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), blood clot cell count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), procalcitonin (PCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW-CV), and red cell distribution standard deviation (RDW-SD) were measured in the blood plasma samples. In addition, creatine phosphokinase (CPK), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil), triglycerides (TG), total serum protein (TP), albumin (Alb), creatinine (Creat), urea (Urea), amylase (Amy), lipase (Lip), cholesterol (Chol), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose (GLU), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) values were also analyzed in the blood serum samples. Although PLT, MPV, PDW, and PCT values significantly changed between the age groups (P < 0.05), it was not found to be statistically different between the sex groups in terms of PLT, MPV, PDW, and PCT values (P > 0.05). However, Creat, DBil, and TBil values were detected significantly (P < 0.05) different between the sex groups; no determined statistical changes according to CPK, ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, TG, TP, Alb, Urea, Amy, Lip, Chol, LDH, GLU, VLDL, LDL, and HDL values (P > 0.05) were found. It was the first report for foals and 1–5 aged (adult) horses according to serum LDL, VLDL, and Lip values. Consequently, some hematological and biochemical values were determined and advised as reference values of the Appaloosa foals (0–12 months aged) and adult (1–5 aged) horse breeds in Tong and Issık-Kul region of Kyrgyzstan.Keyword: Appaloosa horse breeds; Biochemistry; Hematology; Kyrgyzstan; Reference values