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Employment vulnerability is considered as working under inadequate conditions. This research examined the impact of employment vulnerability on earnings with special reference to gender-based differences. Analyses were based on panel data for 2010-2013 and 2016 from the household survey. A panel data fixed-effects model with instrumental variable within the Lewbel (2012) method was applied to estimate an earnings equation. Results indicates negative impact of employment vulnerability on earnings. Women experienced this negative effect more severely. Given these empirical findings, government l ...Более
Based on self-determination theory as a conceptual framework, the aim of this study is to reveal the relationships amongst cave visitors' experiences, motivation, satisfaction and revisit intention. In order to test the conceptual model designed in line with the objectives of the study, a survey was conducted amongst a sample of 312 visitors to Dupnisa Cave in Turkey. The analysis showed that visitors' motivation and cave experience positively influenced their satisfaction. Moreover, satisfaction has an effect on visitors' revisit intention. This study is one of the first to attempt to reveal ...Более
The declaration of independency in 1991 became a turning point in the socio-economic, political and cultural fields of Kyrgyzstan. There have been important developments especially in the religious sphere. Since the first days of independency, issues related to freedom of religion and conscience have been heavily debated among Kyrgyz administrators. The general attitude of statesmen towards religion emerged as emphasising that the pressure applied towards religion in the Soviet period was wrong and paying attention to the social role of religion. New concepts such as secularism, freedom of rel ...Более
The aim of this research is to answer questions about the history of wrestling, how it was interpreted by local sports historians and how it was institutionalized during the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans, who gave great importance to wrestling and wrestlers, had traditional institutions that could surpass the contemporary club phenomenon. A descriptive research and comparison model, which is one of the designs included in the qualitative approach, was used in the study. The research of M. Turkmen, the subject expert, was taken to the centre of the study and the research was limited to the Ottom ...Более
This study was conducted to investigate Internet and social networks use habits and online risks of children and adolescents between the ages of 10-19 in the Kyrgyz Republic. Data were collected using questionnaires in several government schools in Bishkek during Spring 2018. Totally 316 children participated in this study. The study employed quantitative methods for the analysis of data. As results showed, there are gender differences in using the Internet. That is, Kyrgyz boys use the Internet for watching videos, and playing games more than Kyrgyz girls. Majority of the participants indicat ...Более
As traditional international trophy hunting destinations are becoming less accessible due to hunting restrictions and regulations, new destinations are entering the scene, such as the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, located in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan has grown to be one of the top destinations for international trophy hunting of argali Ovis ammon and ibex Capra sibirica, both of which are in danger of extinction. Empirically, the article draws on a case study from the largest region in Kyrgyzstan, At-Bashy, and 395 questionnaires with local inhabitants from 5 villages, and 1 interview with an interna ...Более
In this paper, the determinants of the intention to use online learning management system (LMS) among students in one of universities in the Kyrgyz Republic were studied, using quantitative and qualitative analysis. A total of 541 responses from students, enrolled in online courses during the fall and spring semesters 2016–2017, were used to examine students attitude toward online education. In addition, interviews with six instructors were conducted. Results showed that success of students in e-courses depend on year of education and the academic major of students. Factors, defined in the sco ...Более