Natural Strategies as Potential Weapons against Bacterial Biofilms

Fatih Ramazan İSTANBULLUGİL

Microbial biofilm is an aggregation of microbial species that are either attached to surfaces or organized into an extracellular matrix. Microbes in the form of biofilms are highly resistant to several antimicrobials compared to planktonic microbial cells. Their resistance developing ability is one of the major root causes of antibiotic resistance in health sectors. Therefore, effective antibiofilm compounds are required to treat biofilm-associated health issues. The awareness of biofilm properties, formation, and resistance mechanisms facilitate researchers to design and develop combating str ...Более

Natural Products/Bioactive Compounds as a Source of Anticancer Drugs

Fatih Ramazan İSTANBULLUGİL

Simple Summary Cancer is considered as a large group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth, which results in an alarming rise in the mortality rate at the worldwide level. Presently, the main point of interest in pharmaceutical research is the development of the novel and efficient anticancer drugs based on natural sources. In this regard, plants, and some microbial species, due to their composition, ecology, phytochemical, and ethnopharmacological properties, play a significant role. Accordingly, a series of plant-derived bioactive compounds are in the clinical development phase against ...Более

Tuta absoluta continues to disperse in Asia: damage, ongoing management and future challenges

Tair Esenalı Uulu

Since its initial detection in Turkey in 2009, the invasive destructive pest South American tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) has started its new invasion journey to east and invaded most Asian countries. This pest currently causes extensive damage to tomato production and potentially threatens key production areas such as China. To provide an overview of current status of T. absoluta in Asia, we have briefly reviewed the damage and economic impacts by this pest locally and discussed why this species has spread so rapidly among the countries. Moreover, ongoing i ...Более

Construction, characteristics and high throughput molecular screening methodologies in some special breeding populations: a horticultural perspective

Hasan CAN | İbrahim İlker ÖZYİĞİT | Mustafa PAKSOY

Advanced marker technologies are widely used for evaluation of genetic diversity in cultivated crops, wild ancestors, landraces or any special plant genotypes. Developing agricultural cultivars requires the following steps: (i) determining desired characteristics to be improved, (ii) screening genetic resources to help find a superior cultivar, (iii) intercrossing selected individuals, (iv) generating genetically hybrid populations and screening them for agro-morphological or molecular traits, (v) evaluating the superior cultivar candidates, (vi) testing field performance at different location ...Более

Development of the Banking System in Kyrgyzstan: An Historical Review and Current Challenges = Kırgızistan'da Bankacılık Sisteminin Gelişimi: Tarihsel İnceleme ve Güncel Sorunlar

Dastan ASEİNOV | Kamalbek KARIMŞAKOV

Banking in transition economies differs from developing and developed economies with market system. This study aims to review development of the banking system in Kyrgyzstan since independence. The period under consideration is divided into five stages, each of which has a main distinctive aspect. Despite considerable achievements in last fifteen years the banking system still remains vulnerable to external shocks. Moreover, insufficient institutional infrastructure is one of the fundamental factors retarding further development of the banking system.

A review on treatment of membrane concentrates generated from landfill leachate treatment processes

Mehmet KOBYA

Landfill leachate (LL) is highly toxic wastewater and comprises various pollutants such as organic compounds, biological organisms, xenobiotics, heavy metals, inorganic salts, and ammonia. The integration of conventional methods with membrane processes has become indispensable due to the enforcement of stricter regulations for the LL discharge. The integrated membrane technologies achieve a pollutant removal efficiency of higher than 95?ith a large volume of treated leachate and a low capital cost investment. However, the drawback of these processes is the production of a membrane concentrate ...Более

Intravenous and Oral Fluid Therapy in Neonatal Calves With Diarrhea or Sepsis and in Adult Cattle

İsmail ŞEN

Optimal fluid therapy protocols in neonatal calves and adult cattle are based on consideration of signalment, history, and physical examination findings, and individually tailored whenever laboratory analysis is available. Measurement of the magnitude of eye recession, duration of skin tenting in the lateral neck region, and urine specific gravity by refractometry provide the best estimates of hydration status in calves and cattle. Intravenous and oral electrolyte solutions (OES) are frequently administered to critically ill calves and adult cattle. Application of physicochemical principles in ...Более

Задача восстановления ядра и правой части интегро-дифференциального уравнения в частных производных пятого порядка

Avıt ASANOV

Changes in the Intellectual Structure of Business Ethics: A Review on Journal of Business Ethics, 2000-2020

Kadir ARDIÇ

This study analyzes the research topics and theoretical foundations that have guided the field of business ethics for the last two decades and, based on the analyses, addresses research topics that have the potential to contribute to the field of business ethics in the future. The research uses the bibliometric research technique of co-word analysis as well as the qualitative research method of qualitative content analysis. The research findings indicate developments to have occurred both in research trends and the theoretical foundations of the field from the 20002010 period to the 2011-2020 ...Более

Gene transfer to plants by electroporation: methods and applications

İbrahim İlker ÖZYİĞİT

Developing gene transfer technologies enables the genetic manipulation of the living organisms more efficiently. The methods used for gene transfer fall into two main categories; natural and artificial transformation. The natural methods include the conjugation, transposition, bacterial transformation as well as phage and retroviral transductions, contain the physical methods whereas the artificial methods can physically alter and transfer genes from one to another organisms

Phytoremediation using genetically engineered plants to remove metals: a review

İbrahim İlker ÖZYİĞİT | Hasan CAN

Contamination by heavy metals including As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni and Zn in agricultural fields is a global safety issue. Indeed, excessive accumulations of metals have detrimental effects on life by altering cell components such as lipids, proteins, enzymes and DNA. Phytoremediation appears as a solution to remove metals from contaminated sites, yet metal uptake is usually low in most common plants. Therefore, genetically engineered plants have been designed for higher efficiency of metal accumulation. Here, we review metal phytoremediation by genetically engineered plants with focus on ...Более

Particle bombardment technology and its applications in plants

İbrahim İlker ÖZYİĞİT

Particle bombardment, or biolistics, has emerged as an excellent alternative approach for plant genetic transformation which circumvents the limitations of Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. The method has no biological constraints and can transform a wide range of plant species. Besides, it has been the most efficient way to achieve organelle transformation (for both chloroplasts and mitochondria) so far. Along with the recent advances in genome editing technologies, conventional gene delivery tools are now being repurposed to deliver targeted gene editing reagents into the plants ...Более