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The Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve established in 1959 with an area of 239 km2 and declared as a UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve in 1978 is located on the southeast-facing slope of the northern Chatkal Range in central Jalalabad province. It is centered around the scenic Sary-Chelek Lake. The mountains immediately surrounding the lake abound in exceptionally diverse flora and fauna, what may be the widest variety found in the Tian Shan. The area is spread over varied ecosystems and habitats, which include the forests of spruce and juniper together with the forests of wild fruits and nuts and riparian ...Более
This study is to investigate the effect of differences in annual average temperature on soil microbial communities as caused by elevation in walnut-fruit forests in Kyrgyzstan with similar vegetation. Soil samples (n 10 per site) were collected from top- and subsoil at three elevation levels (1000, 1300 and 1600 m above sea level) with an average temperature difference of 1.3 °C between sites and analysed for soil chemical and biological properties. All soil properties showed high variability within, but most revealed no differences between elevation levels. Microbial biomass, activity and com ...Более
In this paper, we introduce the design approach of integrated photonic devices by employing reinforcement learning known as attractor selection (AttSel). Here, we combined 3D FDTD with AttSel algorithm, which is based on artificial neural networks, to achieve ultra-compact and highly efficient wavelength demultiplexers with low crosstalk such as. The presented devices consist of SOI materials, which are compatible with complementary MOS technology. Consequently, the reinforcement learning is successfully applied to design smaller and superior integrated photonic devices.
Keyword: inverse desig ...Более
Objective: The aim of this study is to examine how malolactic fermentation and classical fermentation affect the physicochemical and sensory properties of wines made from red and white grapes. Methods: In our research, we opted for Sauvignon blanc variety in white grapes and locally produced Kalecik karasi and French Merlot variety in red grapes all of which are recognised as important grape varieties both in our country and around the world. To preserve the natural aroma of the grape, start the fermentation rapidly and ensure formation of a balanced amount of glycerol, the use of Saccharomyce ...Более
To predict and evaluate the carbon footprint in the gas phase, furnace fuel oil oxidation in excess air (alpha factor 1.3) was studied over a wide temperature (T 298–3000 K, P 0.1 MPa). Equilibrium thermodynamic parameters (entropy, enthalpy, and internal energy) and the concentration distributions of C-, S-, N-, O-, and H-containing components and active particles in the gas phase were determined. Based on the total concentration distribution of C-, S-, N-, O-, and H-containing components and active particles in the gas phase, the weight content of carbon was calculated. Taking into account t ...Более
Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) defined as sequence repeat units between 1 and 6 bp occur abundantly in both coding and non-coding regions in eukaryotic genomes and these repeats can affect gene expression. In this study, ESTs (expressed sequence tags) of Betula pendula (silver birch) were analyzed for in silico mining of EST-SSRs, protein annotation, open reading frames (ORFs), designing primers, and identifying codon repetitions. In B. pendula, the frequency of ESTs containing SSRs was 7.8 % with an average of 1SSR/4. 78 kb of EST sequences. A total of 188 SSRs was identified by using MISA so ...Более
Species composition and concentration of rumen ciliate protozoa were investigated in the rumen contents of 14 domestic sheep and 1 goat living in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. This is the first report on rumen ciliates from ruminants living in Kyrgyzstan. In sheep 12 genera, 28 species and 12 morphotypes were detected, whereas in goat 8 genera, 12 species and 4 morphotypes were detected. The density of ciliates in sheep was (28.1 ± 20.0) × 104 cells mL−1 and in goat was 37.0 × 104 cells mL−1. Dasytricha ruminantium, Isotricha prostoma, Entodinium simulans and Ophryoscolex caudatus were major species (1 ...Более
Рассмотрены возможности комплексного освоения месторождений Кавакского буроугольного бассейна Кыргызской Республики. Проанализированы экологические нагрузки на окружающую природную среду при возможном строительстве ТЭС на углях Кавакского бассейна мощностью 1200 мВт и увеличении объема добычи угля до 4 млн т в год и более. -
Ключевые слова: Кавакский буроугольный бассейн, водоугольное топливо, подземная газификация, высокоскоростной низкотемпературный пиролиз, разработка углей, загрязнение окружающей среды, выбросы тепловой электрической станции =
Recommendations on complex and rational devel ...Более
In this chapter, the flora and vegetation of Kyrgyzstan’s At-Bashy valley and inner Tien Shan, together with the vegetational changes due to climatic impacts, are presented. The data presented covers the period between 2000 and 2014. More than 50 % of the higher plants in Kyrgyzstan grow on a very small territory. There are more than 4100 species distributed in the country and 1600 of these possess economic and practical value. Flora in At-Bashy valleys is represented by 222 species of higher plants belonging to 130 genera and 35 families. Steppes are a dominant vegetation type in the study ar ...Более
In this article the line.r integral equation of Fredgolm-Stilties of the first kind is given. Using the method proposed in A. Asanov, estimates and stability built on M.M.Lavrentev regularizing operator for solving singularly perturbed integral equations of the first kind. The questions of uniqueness of solution of the integral equation and prove a theorem about the sustainability assessment solutions in the classroom L-2.
Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is a shelf-life enhancing method which is growing rapidly on an international scale. The correct gas mixture and film in MAP can maintain high quality with extended shelf life. However, the initial gas composition in the package headspace often changes as a result of the activity of the respiring product, the nature of the package, or the environmental conditions. In the new MAP era, it is necessary to show that MAP does not only deal with gas mixtures and films. The new thought is to incorporate new packaging concepts such as active and intelligent packagin ...Более