In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO2)-supported Cd catalysts were prepared at 0.05-3 of Cd loading by employing the incipient wetness impregnation method. These catalysts were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and TEM-EDS mapping, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO), and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). XR ...Daha fazlası
In this research work, deep machine learning based methods together with a novel data augmentation are developed for predicting flicker, voltage dip, harmonics and interharmonics originating from highly time-varying electric arc furnace (EAF) currents and voltage. The aim with the prediction is to counteract both the response time delays and reaction time delays of active power filters (APFs) specifically designed for electric arc furnaces (EAF). Multiple synchronous Reference frame (MSRF) analysis is used to decompose the frequency components of the EAF current and voltage waveforms into dqo ...Daha fazlası
In this paper, the problem of detecting the harmonic responsibility of iron and steel (I&S) plants, which are supplied from a point of common coupling (PCC) is addressed. A new harmonic responsibility measure, which does not require the instantaneous impedance measurements, is proposed to present the amount of harmonic responsibility of each plant supplied from the PCC. The algorithm is based primarily on the correlation of voltage and current signals which are measured with a time-synchronized manner at the PCC. The proposed method is first verified using both synthetic data generated in PSCA ...Daha fazlası
In the present work, TiO2 nanotubes (TNT) and carbon-doped TiO2 nanotubes (C-TNT) were produced via the anodization method. Carbon doping was performed on TNT in a tubular oven employing two different 15 cm3/min total flow rates with varying compositions of acetylene (C2H2) and argon (Ar) as VC2H2/Ar = 7/93 (1 cm3/min C2H2 14 cm3/min Ar) for C-TNT (7:93) and VC2H2/Ar = 33/67 (5 cm3/min C2H2 10 cm3/min Ar) for C-TNT (33:67). The synthesized C-doped TNT was characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD, Raman spectra, and SEM result ...Daha fazlası
A method has been proposed for accurate characterization of non-reciprocal networks without enforcing the passivity principle. Thanks to the introduced different even and odd coefficients, our method has no singularity-point problem as compared with the conventional method. The proposed method is validated by scattering parameter measurements of a ferrite-loaded waveguide shifter. In addition, it is demonstrated by measurements that our method, as compared with the conventional one, is more resistant to random noise due to post-calibration effects.
Metamaterial (MM) slabs in close proximity can couple with one another. This coupling can modify the electromagnetic response of the overall MM structure involving individual MM resonators. The signal flow graph technique along with the ABCD parameters are applied to quantitatively and qualitatively examine this coupling from simulated/measured scattering parameters of cascade connection of closely or largely separated MM slabs. S-parameter measurements of a MM slab constructed by split-ring-resonators were carried out at X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz) to validate our theoretical analysis.
A feasible extraction procedure is proposed to retrieve the diagonal tensor elements of the permittivity and permeability, and the magnetoelectric coupling coefficient of Omega-type biansiotropic metamaterials (MMs). The procedure is based on the state transition matrix approach and uses non-iterative closed-form expressions between constitutive parameters and scattering (S-) parameters to achieve such determination using S-parameters for normal incidence and oblique incidence of TE and TM modes (a desirable feature from practical point of view). S-parameter simulations of a bianisotropic MM s ...Daha fazlası
At present, poly(methacrylic acid) (MA), poly(MA) hydrogel, and Pd-doped poly(MA) hydrogel modified electrodes are constructed on graphite pencil (G). The Pd precursor is coated on the poly(MA)/G electrodes surface using the electrodeposition method. These electrodes are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray. Poly(MA) hydrogel and Pd-doped poly(MA) hydrogel are successfully prepared by the polymerization and further electrodeposition. Formic acid electro-oxidation (FAEO) activities ar ...Daha fazlası
In this research work, a deep learning (DL)-based method for the fast and accurate analysis of current harmonics of electric arc furnaces (EAF) is proposed. For such a system, a large amount of EAF current data is required for the training phase of the DL-based structure, which is not only a thorny but also an expensive procedure. Hence, the second focus of this research work is to gain the ability to generate EAF currents with realistic harmonic contents based on a much smaller amount of field data of EAF currents. For this purpose, EAF current data, recorded at a transformer substation suppl ...Daha fazlası
A free-space time-domain method is proposed to retrieve dielectric constant (epsilon r), conductivity (sigma e), and thickness (d) of metal-backed low-loss dielectric samples using calibration-independent reflected power peak measurements. Its algorithm is validated by numerical calculations and simulations (CST Microwave Studio) using a sine-modulated Gaussian window. A sensitivity analysis is followed to examine its performance considering the dependencies of reflected power peaks with respect to epsilon r and sigma e. Free-space time-domain measurements have been implemented after transform ...Daha fazlası
It is now known that disturbing light flicker originates not only solely from amplitude modulation (AM) of the fundamental amplitude and low-frequency interharmonic components as described in IEC 61000-4-15 standard but also high-frequency interharmonic components around an odd harmonic which have the same effect as low-frequency components causing flicker. Because this effect cannot be detected by the IEC flickermeter, an effective flickermeter is required In this article, a new flickermeter detects both the low- and high-frequency components robustly has been suggested. Quite close responses ...Daha fazlası